Pytheas was a man born in southern France. He acted like a Greek but he was not from Greece. The Greeks were the best civilization in Mediterranean Europe. So Pytheas considered himself a Greek. He was a merchant of tin and amber ( something like sap fossilized ). He traveled to England to trade. There are many routes he might have taken. But the two main ones are going through the Gibraltar strait and head north. Or go through France and then sail to England. He would have used many types of boats like the Greek trading vessel or warship and Celtic ships. When he got to England he traded his stuff. Then he kept going north to Scotland. He explored the villages in Scotland. Then he went farther north to Iceland or Norway. He went farther north to the Arctic ocean. The way he went north was with a stick in level ground and measured the length of the shadow. The more he went north the bigger the shadow got because the sun got lower and lower in the sky. After he reached the Arctic he went back home.
It is crazy to think that a Greek went to the Arctic.
Sources: Into the Unknown . by Stewart ross , Wiki
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